"The andronin
a Piraeus house was designed to accommodate seven couches around its square perimeter: two couches on three sides and one
sharing the fourth wall with the door, which was placed in the corner. After dinner, when the sun cast a shadow longer than
a man was tall, was the time for wine. The symposion or drinking together was the crown of every Athenian feast. To accompany
the flow of stories, speculations, and poetry, a fleet of earthenware pots were carried into the banqueting room. All
had been fired a distinctive glossy black and red, and all were made in Athens of good Attic clay. Familiar mythical scenes
were painted on the vessels. One cup showed Odysseus tied to the mast of his ship, listening to the songs of the Sirens. But
there were contemporary scenes, too, celebrating the exploits of the men who would be drinking from these very cups: warriors
rowing across the sea to battle; warships cruising in convoy; archers shooting from ships at sea; pirates stealthily attacking
unsuspecting freighters. The most beautiful of these ship paintings showed long sleek galleys rowing around the inner surface
of a pot. When the vessel was brimming with wine, the ships appeared to be floating on its surface: warships reflected in
a sea of wine, reflecting the 'wine-dark sea' of the beloved poet Homer.
"Sometimes the host of the party
provided sexual pleasures along with wine, music, and conversation. The men might also seek more straightforward relief, free
from civilized frills, at one of the many brothels in the Piraeus. Exercising untrammeled sexual freedom carried few consequences
for Athenian citizens. Sexually transmitted diseases were as yet unknown, and few societies in history have granted to free
adult males such extremes of sexual license.
"It was perhaps inevitable that Athenian men, who enjoyed thinking,
talking, and joking about sex when they were not actually engaged in it, should have at times viewed sex organs and sex acts
as extensions of their experiences at sea. A woman's vagina could be described as a kolposor gulf, like the Corinthian and
Saronic gulfs, where a happy seafarer could lose himself. As for the penis, a modest man could claim to have a kontosor boat
pole, an average man a kopeor oar between his legs, and a braggart a pedalionor steering oar. Inevitably too, the erection
poking against an Athenian's tunic was referred to as his 'ram' (ramming was the wartime nautical manuever of hitting the
broadside of an enemy ship with the front of yours). Sexual intercourse was likened to ramming encounters between triremes(warships),
but the men did not always take the active role. The popular Athenian sexual position in which the woman sat astride her partner
gave her a chance to play the nautriaor female rower, and row the man as if he were a boat. A man who mounted another man
might claim to be boarding him, using the nautical term for a marine boarding a trireme. Sexual bouts with multiple partners
were sometimes dubbed naumachiaior naval battles."
John
R. Hale, Title: Lords of the Sea Publisher: Viking, Copyright 2009 by John R. Hale Pages: 118-119
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Yorick was Hamlet’s
father's jester, but he was more than that, he paid attention to the otherwise neglected Hamlet when Hamlet was a child of
six or seven, and had given hima "thousand" piggy-back rides. Now, in the cemetery, those precious
memories collide with Yorick’s skull heldin Hamlet's hand, and he says, painfully and with great
emotion My gorge rises at it” but he does not weep. Instead he asks Yorick’s skull where his "flashes of
merriment" are, and accuses him of being “quite chop-fallen” (Or sad, a chop being the jaw) A pun, albeit
a bad pun, on Hamlet’s part. He tells the skullto go to a fine woman's dressing room and tell her
that no matter how much make-up she uses, she'll be only a skull soon enough. Then he asks Horatio if Alexander the great,
after he was dead, looked like this skull. Horatio says that he must have, and Hamlet dismisses the skull, saying, "And
smelt so? pah!" (5.1.200). At this point the editorial stage directions usually say that Hamlet "puts down the skull,"
but the "pah" makes it feel like he just tosses it aside. But he doesn't forget it. Yorick's skull has reminded
him that we must all come to this, and he launches into a flight of fancy about how the clay of Alexander or great Caesar
could be used as a cork for a beer-barrel or caulk to fix a hole in a wall.
Hamlet: Act 5, Scene 1
HAMLET 184Let me see. [Takes the skull.]
Alas, poor Yorick! I knew him, Horatio:
a fellow of infinite jest, of most excellent fancy: he hath borne me on his back a thousand times; and now, how
abhorred in my imagination it is! my gorge rises at it. Here hung those lips that I have kissed I know not how
oft. Where be your
gibes now? your gambols? your songs? your flashes of merriment, that were wont to set the table on a roar? Not
one now, to mock your own grinning? quite chop-fallen? Now get you to my lady's chamber, and tell her, let her
paint an inch thick, to this favour she must come; make her laugh at that.